Odaily星球日报讯 Shaw 在 X 平台发文表示，量子计算的实际进展与媒体宣传及公众认知之间存在巨大差距。尽管该领域正取得进展，但在未来 40 至 50 年内，量子计算机无法实现其被宣称的功能。针对 SHA-256 等哈希函数，即使应用最理想的 Grover 算法，也仅能将搜索空间从 2 的 256 次方减少到 2 的 128 次方，而 2 的 128 次方在物理上依然无法被破解。Shaw 指出，目前最先进的量子计算机在没有预知结果的情况下，甚至无法将数字 21 分解为 3 和 7。若要破解比特币，量子计算机必须在数分钟内对实时网络进行重复计算，这种能力的跨越程度远超 1950 年代计算机到现代服务器集群的进步。现代密码学在设计之初已预见到未来的算力增长。目前关于量子计算的恐惧或炒作缺乏事实依据。
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