Google 量子 AI 团队:破解椭圆曲线密码所需量子资源大幅降低,建议 2029 年前完成后量子密码学迁移

Gate News 消息,3 月 31 日,Google 量子 AI 团队发布白皮书,指出未来密码学相关量子计算机(CRQC)破解当前广泛用于加密货币的椭圆曲线密码学(ECC)所需量子资源低于此前预期。白皮书显示,研究团队编译了两条针对 256 位椭圆曲线离散对数问题(ECDLP-256)的量子电路:方案一使用不足 1200 个逻辑量子比特与 9000 万个 Toffoli 门,方案二使用不足 1450 个逻辑量子比特与 7000 万个 Toffoli 门。据估算,上述电路可在物理量子比特数量少于 50 万的超导量子计算机上于数分钟内完成运算,较此前所需物理量子比特数量减少约 20 倍。Google 此前已发布 2029 年迁移时间表,建议加密货币社区在此期限前将区块链迁移至后量子密码学(PQC),并呼吁避免暴露或重复使用存在漏洞的钱包地址。

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