美國 SEC 醞釀重大監管鬆綁:允許企業自選每半年披露一次財報,不再強制季報,最快 4 月公布提案。此舉旨在降低上市合規成本,但也可能引發投資人反彈。
(前情提要:SEC的Project Crypto想幹什麼,川普想炒什麼?)
(背景補充:Paul Atkins正式上任SEC新主席,下一步批准XRP、SOL…等山寨幣ETF,開放以太坊質押?)
據外媒引述知情人士透露,美國證券交易委員會(SEC)正準備推出一項重大監管改革:允許上市公司自行選擇每半年公布一次財務業績,不再強制要求每季披露,相關提案最快可能於下月正式亮相。
這可能是自季報制度確立數十年以來,美國資本市場最具指標性的披露制度變革。
企業仍可選擇維持每季披露
據了解,SEC 近期已與各大交易所高層密集溝通,討論若制度調整落地,交易所需如何配合修訂自身規則。按照監管程式,提案公布後將進入不少於 30 天的公眾意見徵詢期,期滿後 SEC 再就最終規則進行表決,改革能否順利落實仍存變數。
值得注意的是,新規並非全面廢除季報制度,企業仍可選擇維持每季披露的既有頻率。改革的核心邏輯在於「降低上市門檻」:美國上市公司數量近年持續萎縮,支持者認為繁瑣的行政合規成本,正是部分企業選擇不上市、或主動私有化的重要原因之一。
歐英早已先行,投資人保護仍是隱憂
這條路歐洲與英國其實已走過。歐盟自 2013 年起取消強制季報要求,英國約 10 年前跟進,但當地仍有相當比例的企業自願按季披露。歐洲的先例顯示,制度鬆綁未必導致資訊真空,市場機制可部分填補落差。
不過,反對聲音同樣存在。機構投資人與散戶高度依賴定期財報作為決策依據,一旦披露頻率降低,資訊不對稱風險將相應上升,尤其對中小型個股而言衝擊更為明顯。
對加密市場而言,此項改革也具有間接意涵:若上市合規成本降低,有助於更多加密企業考慮上市,也可能為推進中的美股代幣化議題創造更友善的監管氛圍。

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