Overview and Future Prospects of zk-SNARKs Technology
Abstract
zk-SNARKs ( ZKP ) is widely regarded as one of the most revolutionary innovations in the blockchain field, following distributed ledger technology, as an important cryptographic technique. This article provides a systematic review of the development and latest research of the ZKP technology over the past forty years.
First, the basic concepts and historical background of ZKP are introduced, with a focus on analyzing circuit-based ZKP technologies, including the design, application, and optimization methods of models such as zk-SNARKs, Pinocchio, and Bulletproofs. In terms of the computing environment, this paper introduces ZKVM and ZKEVM, discussing how they enhance transaction processing capacity, protect privacy, and improve verification efficiency. The article also elaborates on ZK